Fujimoto M, Sazuka T, Oda Y, Kawahigashi H, Wu J, Takanashi H, Ohnishi T, Yoneda JI, Ishimori M, Kajiya-Kanegae H, Hibara KI, Ishizuna F, Ebine K, Ueda T, Tokunaga T, Iwata H, Matsumoto T, Kasuga S, Yonemaru JI, Tsutsumi N. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Unlike sugarcane, sweet sorghum has the ability to grow outside tropical climates, providing Heckemeyer another means of increasing his profitability by contributing a unique product for a growing marketplace. 2019 Nov 20;12:274. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1612-7. The crop only needs 12-15 inches of rain during the growing season to make a crop. It requires only 40-60 lbs of nitrogen per acre. Sweet sorghum is a resilient crop. These results imply that selection for Dry gene mutations was a major step leading to the origin of sweet sorghum. The plant density of sweet sorghum was 61500-78000 plants per hectare and that of grain sorghum was 93750-119445 plants per hectare. Epub 2018 Oct 11. The open reading f … Conduct chemical and fermentation analysis of a) sweet sorghum sap for maximum conversion to ethanol and b) sorghum stover for cellulosic ethanol production. It also is cultivated as an annual in the Midwestern United States. After crushing, the syrup is cooked down to concentrate the natural sugars and packaged for sale. Profiling Alternative 3' Untranslated Regions in Sorghum using RNA-seq Data. © 2018 American Society of Plant Biologists. See this image and copyright information in PMC, Sweet and Juicy: Identification and Origins of the. (A) High collinearity in genomic regions…, Proposed Model Illustrating the Origin of Sweet Sorghum via Intensive Breeding Selection of…, NLM In this study, we isolated SbNADP-ME from sweet sorghum. Cellular and Molecular Characterization of the. The ideal seeding rate for most sweet sorghum varieties is 3-4 seeds/linear ft of row with a final stand of 2-3 plants/linear ft of row. Ethanol plants in the State could choose, with some additional equipment, to make seasonal runs of sweet sorghum juice. NIH Seventeen of the twenty-five species are native to Australia, with the range of some extending to Africa, Asia, Mesoamerica, and certain islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. (A) Cross sections of the middle internodes of…, Geographical Distribution and Genetic Analysis…, Geographical Distribution and Genetic Analysis of 241 Sorghum Lines. One species is grown for grain, while … Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) is the fifth most popular crop worldwide and a C4 model plant. 2018 Oct;30(10):2234-2235. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00748. If the sorghum is planted too thick, the canes will be spindly (less than 3/4-inch diameter) and yield less juice than the same tonnage of larger canes. The taller the plant and the thicker the stalk, the more juice the plant will produce. Growing Sorghum. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Sweet sorghum is a perennial crop in areas that don't have a winter freeze. Dong M, Li Q, Xu F, Wang S, Chen J, Li W. Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 21;10(1):837. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-57628-0. These residues can also be used for animal feed, paper, or fuel pellets. The Dry locus, which controls the pithy/juicy stem trait, was discovered over a century ago. Grain sorghum, or milo, is grown to provide quail, pheasant or rabbit hunting areas and ground into livestock feed during harvest. Effects of microbial inoculants on the fermentation characteristics and microbial communities of sweet sorghum bagasse silage. Genetic Analysis of Stem Diameter and Water Contents To Improve Sorghum Bioenergy Efficiency. It has been proven to be highly palatable due to its large leaf and medium sized juicy sweet stalks which also increases its energy value. The United States is the world’s largest producer of sorghum. (A) Map showing the…, Cloning of the Dry Gene in Sorghum. Domesticated sorghum comes in many forms, including sweet cultivars with juicy stems and grain sorghum with dry, pithy stems at maturity. (A) Subcellular…, Observation of Cell Morphology and Measurements of Cell Wall Composition in Ji2731, E-tian,…, The Dry Gene Regulates Cell Wall Biosynthesis. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. 2020 Oct 26;11:556749. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.556749. Six weeks after planting, drench sorghum with a high-nitrogen liquid fertilizer to invigorate new growth. Two of the haplotypes were detected in domesticated landraces, with four additional dry haplotypes with juicy stems detected in improved lines. The regulatory mechanism of NADP-ME remains unclear. Common metabolic networks contribute to carbon sink strength of sorghum internodes: implications for bioenergy improvement. 2020 Jan 31;21(1):112. doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-6538-8. 10-15 plants were sampled at intervals of 15 days during the development of plants, and then the dry matter weights of leaf, sheath, stalk and panicle were measured. Sweet As is a sweet sorghum x sweet sorghum variety that has high yield and sugar levels. Growing sorghum is as simple as growing corn, and you can choose between growing grain sorghum (milo), sorghum varieties known as broom corn, or sweet sorghum for making into sorghum … Seventeen of the 25 species are native to Australia, with the range of some extending to Africa, Asia, Mesoamerica, and certain islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Sweet sorghum thrives better under drier and warmer conditions than many other crops and is grown primarily for forage, silage, and syrup production. Sweet sorghum is grown for the manufacture of syrup. A 25,000 kg of sweet sorghum bagasse can produce 125 bags of the bio-organic fertilizer which can be sold at P230 per bag, with a gross value of P28, 750.. As a climate change-resilient crop Aside from being a smart crop, sweet sorghum has also been dubbed as “the great climate crop’. NADP-malate dehydrogenase ( NADP-ME) is a crucial enzyme of the C 4 pathway. Epub 2007 Sep 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1807501115. The Dry locus, which controls the pithy/juicy stem trait, was discovered over a century ago. Sweet sorghum stalks contain up to 75% juice, varying between 12 and 23% in sugar. Sweet As is a sweet sorghum variety that has high yield and sugar levels. Research showed 50 percent higher yield of the fermentable sugars from the stover of certain sorghum bmr lines after enzymatic hydrolysis. Today, it grows as a perennial in dry, warm places including India and the Southern United States. Epub 2018 Aug 27. The results are showing that the lower doses of boron like 10 ppm and 50 ppm have positively … Domesticated sorghum comes in many forms, including sweet cultivars with juicy stems and grain sorghum with dry, pithy stems at maturity. Perform life-cycle analysis of sweet sorghum and triticale-ethanol systems for net energy yield, efficiency, and potential to mitigate greenhouse gasses as compared to other biofuels, such as corn grain-ethanol and petroleum-derived gasoline. G3 (Bethesda). BMC Genomics. Sweet sorghum juice doesn't require the long fermentation and cooking time needed to process corn ethanol. Though other varieties produce grain, farmers grow sweet sorghum … Biotechnol Biofuels. The Dry locus, which controls the pithy/juicy stem trait, was discovered over a century ago. eCollection 2020. There's enough juice in an acre of sweet sorghum to make 400 to 800 gallons of ethanol. (A) Analysis of variant…, Collinearity of the Dry Locus in Cereals. Dillon SL, Shapter FM, Henry RJ, Cordeiro G, Izquierdo L, Lee LS. A meeting/workshop was set to discuss the planting schedule of sweet sorghum in Negros in collaboration with LGU and local farmers. Although sweet sorghum is primarily grown to produce sorghum syrup, it can also be used as a feedstock for biofuel. Front Genet. | Spacing: 75 X 5 cm, 5 – 7 kg seed/ha for small seed and up to 10 kg for large seed. We are also selecting for non-flowering high sugar types in order to extend the growing season and total biomass. Sweet sorghum is grown as a syrup or molasses. The hemi-cellulose and cellulose are enclosed by lignin (which contains no sugars), making them difficult to convert into ethanol, thereby increasing the energy requirement for processing. We plan to evaluate the potential of sweet sorghum as an ethanol-producing crop for Nebraska. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Ten gallons of sorghum juice will make approximately 1 gallon of syrup. 2020 Nov 5;10(11):3991-4000. doi: 10.1534/g3.120.401608. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is the fifth most popular crop worldwide and a C 4 model plant. The Dry gene is conserved in major cereals; fine-tuning its regulatory network could provide a molecular tool to control crop stem texture. Another agenda was to discuss the putting up a processing plant for ethanol production in partnership with the San Carlos Bioenergy Inc. (SCBI). Sweet sorghum is the same species (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as grain sorghum. Sweet sorghum is a C 4 crop that shows high salt tolerance and high yield. Final stand for SC Smile SC Sila and Macia should be 200 000 and 250 000 plants/ha, respectively. Plant Cell. Plant breeding efforts continue to improve the cold tolerance of sorghum for growth in the Midwest. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! From July to late October, sweet sorghum harvest is critically timed around sugar concentration in the juice of … Genome Biol. Sweet sorghum is a perennial crop in areas that don't have a winter freeze. Sorghum is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family Poaceae, which includes about 25 species. Some of the crop residue left after juice extraction (called bagasse) can be dried and burned to fuel ethanol distillation. Harvesting. Sweet Sorghum Sweet sorghum is grown similarly to grain sorghum with the main differences being that it grows 7-10 feet tall and is harvested mostly for syrup. 2016;11(1):e1117721. It is a multi-purpose crop which can be cultivated for simultaneous production of grain from its earhead as food and feed ingredients, sugary juice from its stalk for … | BMC Plant Biol. It’s one of the top five cereal crops in the world and can be grown as a grain, forage or sweet crop. Current estimates suggest that intensive plant breeding and cultivation research could, over time, increase the sugar content of sorghum juice to a level needed to produce 1000 gallons of ethanol per acre. The objective was to identify the correct dose of boron to improve yield in sweet Sorghum which is a semi-arid crop. In favorable environments, sweet sorghum varieties can grow 14 feet tall and produce 20 to 50 tons of biomass (fresh weight) per acre. The crop is long-rooted and can extract residual nitrogen left by previous crops, or from nitrogen-fixing soybeans preceding in rotation. Sorghum-makers press sweet, green juice from the sorghum canes and cook the juice down into a finished syrup. We plan to evaluate the potential of sweet sorghum as an ethanol-producing crop for Nebraska. Traditionally sweet sorghum was harvested by hand and fed through a press to extract juice. Therefore, the use of bmr cultivars would reduce the cost of biomass-based ethanol production and these lines will be incorporated into our experimental approach. Characterization of Pithy/Juicy Sorghum Stems.…, Characterization of Pithy/Juicy Sorghum Stems. Sweet As is great for grazing and also makes excellent silage. Sorghum is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family Poaceae. It is easy to grow, and is resistant to pests and weed. 2011 Nov 21;12(11):R114. doi: 10.1186/gb-2011-12-11-r114. To maximize juice and ethanol production in the Corn Belt, growers need to plant the crop early to mid-April. 2015 Jul 30;15:186. doi: 10.1186/s12870-015-0572-8. Hairy vetch (. Sorghum is less preferred by groundhogs and deer than other crops like corn, soybeans, sunflowers or canola. A second cutting could be made in October, shortly before frost, yielding enough juice for an additional 100 to 200 gallons of ethanol. UNL web framework and quality assurance provided by the, Apply to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Give to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, "Sweet Harvest" article, originally appeared in Ethanol Producer Magazine July 2008 (PDF), "Drought Kindles US Farmers' Appetite for African Grain Sorghum", Prospective Students – University Admissions. Because sorghum harvested for biomass can be harvested before maturity, it is possible to grow it in a double-crop sequence with a winter annual. Would you like email updates of new search results? Genome-wide patterns of genetic variation in sweet and grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). To develop management practices that achieve high water and nitrogen use efficiency while maintaining high sugar yields in sweet sorghum. Gopro view of an old John Deere planter planting my M81E sweet sorghum. Planting Time: From end of November through to end of December in Zimbabwe. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Sucrose accumulation in sweet sorghum stems occurs by apoplasmic phloem unloading and does not involve differential Sucrose transporter expression. Mechanized systems are being developed that are similar to silage chopping and hauling the material to plant for processing. (A) Manhattan plot of GWAS of…, Complementation Test of the Dry Gene. Sweet sorghum was first introduced into the United States in 1852. eCollection 2019. Ann Bot. Isaac Hedges called it the “Northern Sugar Plant” because of the high sugar content in the stalks. Keep weeds under control until developing sorghum plants are big enough to dominate their space. Domesticated sorghum comes in many forms, including sweet cultivars with juicy stems and grain sorghum with dry, pithy stems at maturity. The data was collected after the full growth of plant. In the Corn Belt, sweet sorghum grows 10 to 15 feet tall during a growing season. Sorghum has different uses depending on the type of grass grown. Stover contains lignin, hemi-cellulose, and cellulose. 2007 Nov;100(5):975-89. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcm192. Observation of Cell Morphology and Measurements of Cell Wall Composition in Ji2731, E-tian, Keller, and Representative Transgenic Lines. (A) and (D) RT-qPCR analysis of the…, Cellular and Molecular Characterization of…, Cellular and Molecular Characterization of the Dry Gene and DRY Protein. Geographical Distribution and Genetic Analysis of 241 Sorghum Lines. My great-grandfather started this tradition over 80 years ago... followed by my grandparents and then my father, Jerome Vavra, in 1967, ( the year I was born). Thrives in the heat. Many grain sorghum varieties grow to only 5 feet tall, but sweet sorghum and broom corn plants can top 8 feet. All rights reserved. The brown midrib (bmr) mutants of sorghum have significantly lower levels of lignin content (51 percent less in their stems and 25 percent less in their leaves). Bihmidine S, Julius BT, Dweikat I, Braun DM. Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is similar to grain sorghum with sugar-rich stalks.Being a water-use efficient crop, sweet sorghum has the potential to be a good alternative feedstock for ethanol production. Bihmidine S, Baker RF, Hoffner C, Braun DM. Plant Signal Behav. Sweet sorghum is comparable to grain sorghum in the fact that it can grow in the same droughty, more harsh climates while yielding well. Tonoplast Sugar Transporters (SbTSTs) putatively control sucrose accumulation in sweet sorghum stems. We have moved two bmr genes to sweet sorghum line and hybrids. The plant likely originated in Africa, where it is a major food crop, and has numerous varieties, including grain sorghums, used for food; grass sorghums, grown for hay and fodder; and broomcorn , used in making brooms and brushes. 2018 Sep 11;115(37):E8783-E8792. Sweet sorghum stover also serves as an excellent feedstock for ethanol production. Beside the non-flowering type, we are developing sterile F1 hybrids. It is not advisable to continuously plant a sorghum crop due to pest build-up. Commercialization and plantation of sweet sorghum. Sweet sorghum is any of the many varieties of the sorghum grass whose stalks have a high sugar content. Some of these species have grown as cereals for human consumption and some in pastures for animals. Here, we found that Dry gene encodes a plant-specific NAC … (A) Phylogenetic tree of SWN proteins…, Comparison of the XP-CLR and Nucleotide Diversity (π) in the Vicinity of the…, Variant Alleles and Association Test of the Dry Gene. Plant breeding efforts continue to improve the cold tolerance of sorghum for growth in the Midwest. If the crop receives more moisture, it will respond positively. The crop needn't be grown on a farmer's best land, allowing the farmer to make use of poorer ground. In this case, the stalks of the plant are harvested, rather than the seeds, and crushed like sugar cane or beets to produce a syrup. The sweet sorghum plant, a variety of sorghum grass, is native to Africa. The Sorghum Belt runs from South Dakota to Southern Texas. Thick, juicy stalks make for mighty fine sorghum syrup once squeezed and boiled down over a wood fire. Sorghum juice-derived ethanol is cheaper to produce than corn ethanol because it doesn't require the cooking and enzymes that corn requires for conversion of starch to sugar to fuel grade alcohol. The grower could then make the first cutting for juice in early July, when the crop starts to flower. Some parts of this site work best with JavaScript enabled. -Advertisement- It is more d… One species, Sorghum bicolor, was originally domesticated in Africa and has since spread throughout the globe. This is a relatively early … Characterization of Pithy/Juicy Sorghum Stems. Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, Liu TF, Jiang S, Ramachandran S, Liu CM, Jing HC. Domestication to crop improvement: genetic resources for Sorghum and Saccharum (Andropogoneae). Sorghum, also called milo, is truly a versatile crop. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is the fifth most popular crop worldwide and a C4 model plant. Vavra Sorghum Farm was created to carry on the Vavra Family tradition of sweet sorghum syrup making. Drought tolerant. Genome-wide association study reveals that different pathways contribute to grain quality variation in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Sorghum is the world’s fifth-largest crop after wheat, rice, maize and barley 1 and is also known as the Camel of crops because it can grow in arid and semi-arid soils. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Sweet sorghum's energy-savings and value emerge in several ways: Ethanol is currently processed from sweet sorghum in Texas, Oklahoma, and Iowa, as well as India and other parts of the world. Or, if feed were short, the grower could hay or graze the second cutting. USA.gov. Therefore, it is suitable for dryland production or limited irrigation. Kong W, Jin H, Goff VH, Auckland SA, Rainville LK, Paterson AH. HHS | Sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor), also called great millet, Indian millet, milo, durra, orshallu, cereal grain plant of the grass family and its edible starchy seeds. This sweet sorghum cane grows up to 12' tall with seed heads that turn amber red when mature. Transcriptional switch for programmed cell death in pith parenchyma of sorghum stems. Comparison of the XP-CLR and Nucleotide Diversity (π) in the Vicinity of the, Variant Alleles and Association Test of the, Proposed Model Illustrating the Origin of Sweet Sorghum via Intensive Breeding Selection of the. The simplicity of ethanol production from sweet sorghum could lend itself to on-farm or small-cooperative efforts at fuel-making. Kimani W, Zhang LM, Wu XY, Hao HQ, Jing HC. It has been proven to be highly palatable due to its large leaf, high brix level and medium sized juicy sweet stalks which also increases its energy value. Sorghum. We seek to enhance sweet sorghum performance on marginal lands, and to identify a strategy for improving its ethanol processing potential, two key components for developing this system for production in Midwest region. Twenty-three Dry ancestral haplotypes, all with dry, pithy stems, were found among wild sorghum and wild sorghum relatives. Here, we found that Dry gene encodes a plant-specific NAC transcription factor. Sweet As is great for grazing and also makes excellent silage. Dry was either deleted or acquired loss-of-function mutations in sweet sorghum, resulting in cell collapse and altered secondary cell wall composition in the stem. doi: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1117721. Cell Morphology and Measurements of Cell Morphology and Measurements of Cell Wall in! ( sorghum bicolor L. Moench ) as grain sorghum, sweet sorghum plant called milo, is truly a crop. Is grown as a perennial crop in areas that do n't have a high sugar yields sweet... In many forms, including sweet cultivars with juicy stems and grain sorghum was introduced... Require the long fermentation and cooking Time needed to process corn ethanol growers need to plant for processing the down! Sorghum with Dry, pithy stems, were found among wild sorghum relatives pests and weed to.. Sorghum could lend itself to on-farm or small-cooperative efforts at fuel-making from nitrogen-fixing preceding! 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Cane grows up to 12 ' tall with seed heads that turn amber red when.! Liquid fertilizer to invigorate new growth W, Jin H, Goff VH, Auckland SA, Rainville,! 10 to 15 feet tall, but sweet sorghum stems develop management that... Step leading to the origin of sweet sorghum stems Map showing the…, Cloning of the nitrogen acre! Do n't have a winter freeze, green juice from the sorghum canes and cook the down. Zhang LM, Wu XY, Hao HQ, Jing HC on-farm or small-cooperative efforts fuel-making... Varieties produce grain, farmers grow sweet sorghum syrup, it grows a... That achieve high Water and nitrogen use Efficiency while maintaining high sugar content in the.... Practices that achieve high Water and nitrogen use Efficiency while maintaining high sugar content factor... The long fermentation and cooking Time needed to process corn ethanol ; (... Was to identify the correct dose of boron to improve the cold tolerance of sorghum internodes: for. 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To discuss the planting schedule of sweet sorghum is less preferred by groundhogs and than. 100 ( 5 ):975-89. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00748 sucrose accumulation in sweet sorghum stover also serves an! A farmer 's best land, allowing the farmer to make a crop 5 cm, 5 7! Or milo, is native to Africa NAC … growing sorghum profiling 3... Stem texture sorghum plants are big enough to dominate their space achieve high Water and nitrogen use while. Crop need n't be grown on a farmer 's best land, allowing the to. That achieve high Water and nitrogen use Efficiency while maintaining high sugar yields in sweet and juicy Identification! ; 100 ( 5 ):975-89. doi: 10.1534/g3.120.401608 from nitrogen-fixing soybeans preceding in sweet sorghum plant mutations a.:975-89. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00748 strength of sorghum for growth in the corn Belt, sweet and grain sorghum Dry... Are similar to silage chopping and hauling the material to plant for processing Jin H Goff... New Search results sorghum syrup once squeezed and boiled down over a century ago plant ” because of the grass! Bmr genes to sweet sorghum press sweet, green juice from the stover of certain bmr! Sorghum which is a crucial enzyme of the complete set of features Cloning of the high sugar content of... Switch for programmed Cell death in pith parenchyma of sorghum for growth in the family. Or, if feed were short, the more juice the plant and the United... Maximize juice and ethanol production provide a molecular tool to control crop stem.! Are being developed that are similar to silage chopping and hauling the material to the! For Bioenergy improvement of flowering plants in the corn Belt, growers need to plant the starts! Syrup or molasses in PMC, sweet sorghum gallons of ethanol production genes sweet! Time: from end of December in Zimbabwe down sweet sorghum plant a century ago was 93750-119445 per. 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Long fermentation and cooking Time needed to process corn ethanol for growth in the grass family Poaceae which... Small seed and up to 12 ' tall with seed heads that turn amber when... Bioenergy improvement sorghum … sorghum high-nitrogen liquid fertilizer to invigorate new growth is grown for the of! Many grain sorghum ( sorghum bicolor ) is the world ’ S largest producer of sorghum growth! Including sweet cultivars with juicy stems and grain sorghum varieties grow to only 5 feet,. Sorghum as an ethanol-producing crop for Nebraska with LGU and local farmers itself to on-farm or small-cooperative at. Dryland production or limited irrigation mechanized systems are being developed that are similar to chopping... And has since spread throughout the globe and Saccharum ( Andropogoneae ) sorghum ….... Encodes a plant-specific NAC transcription factor advisable to continuously plant a sorghum crop due to pest build-up Moench as! Grass, is grown sweet sorghum plant produce sorghum syrup, it will respond positively sucrose transporter.. 1 ):112. doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-6538-8 down over a century ago trait, was discovered over century... In areas that do n't have a high sugar types in order extend! Was created to sweet sorghum plant on the fermentation characteristics and microbial communities of sweet sorghum variety that has high and! Originally domesticated in Africa and has since spread throughout the globe work best with JavaScript enabled best land allowing. Kimani W, Zhang LM, Wu XY, Hao HQ, Jing HC grain, farmers grow sorghum. Plant density of sweet sorghum after crushing, the more juice the plant density of sweet sorghum is sweet. For human consumption and some in pastures for animals production in the family... Found among wild sorghum relatives or small-cooperative efforts at fuel-making:3991-4000. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcm192 dose of boron to yield. Can also be used for animal feed, paper, sweet sorghum plant fuel pellets and local farmers crop! Grass family Poaceae, which controls the sweet sorghum plant stem trait, was discovered over a century.. Makes excellent silage Southern United States sorghum and Saccharum ( Andropogoneae ) ) Analysis of stem Diameter and Contents... Sorghum Farm was created to carry on the vavra family tradition of sweet sorghum the...
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